docker容器化实战

前后端分离系统

前端 https://gitee.com/yuco/eladmin-web.git

后端 https://gitee.com/yuco/eladmin.git

  • 要素：vue npm springboot mysql redis

java后端容器化

可以先完全从零手工部署，理解手工部署到改造为Dockerfile的过程。

思路：

  • java项目，采用mvn进行构建，最终生成jar包，拷贝到jdk环境中启动即可，因此使用多阶构建
  • 手动构建验证
# 1.进入maven环境，下载代码，构建得到jar包，pom.xml已经配置好了阿里云的mvn源
docker run --rm -ti aerialist7/maven-git sh
git clone https://gitee.com/yuco/eladmin.git
mvn clean package

下一步，只需要创建一个有jdk的环境，运行jar包即可，占空间很小。

利用多阶段构建思路，即可启动后端java了

FROM aerialist7/maven-git as builder

WORKDIR /opt/eladmin
COPY  . .
RUN mvn clean package

FROM java:8u111
WORKDIR /opt/eladmin
COPY --from=builder /opt/eladmin/eladmin-system/target/eladmin-system-2.6.jar .
CMD [ "sh", "-c", "java -Dspring.profiles.active=prod -jar eladmin-system-2.6.jar" ]

如上的java参数-Dspring.profiles.active=prod是指可以有多个config.yml配置文件，以在不同的环境下测试。

在该代码中，配置文件路径是

[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin]#tree eladmin-system/src/main/resources/
eladmin-system/src/main/resources/
├── banner.txt
├── config
│   ├── application-dev.yml
│   ├── application-prod.yml
│   └── application.yml
├── generator.properties
├── log4jdbc.log4j2.properties
├── logback.xml
└── template
    ├── email
    │   ├── email.ftl
    │   └── taskAlarm.ftl
    └── generator
        ├── admin
        │   ├── Controller.ftl
        │   ├── Dto.ftl
        │   ├── Entity.ftl
        │   ├── Mapper.ftl
        │   ├── QueryCriteria.ftl
        │   ├── Repository.ftl
        │   ├── Service.ftl
        │   └── ServiceImpl.ftl
        └── front
            ├── api.ftl
            └── index.ftl

6 directories, 19 files

构建镜像

docker build . -t eladmin:v1 -f Dockerfile.multi

数据库部署

该后端用到了mysql，redis，需要我们自行部署

docker run -d -p 3306:3306 --name mysql  -v /opt/mysql:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_DATABASE=eladmin -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=www.yuchaoit.cn mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

#测试
[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin]#docker exec -it mysql bash
root@c23e52263a3f:/# mysql -uroot -pwww.yuchaoit.cn

mysql数据导入

[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin/sql]#docker cp eladmin.sql  mysql:/tmp/
Preparing to copy...
Copying to container - 32.77kB
Copying to container - 51.2kB
Successfully copied 51.2kB to mysql:/tmp/
[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin/sql]#docker exec -it mysql bash

root@c23e52263a3f:/# mysql -uroot -pwww.yuchaoit.cn eladmin < /tmp/eladmin.sql 
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

完事可以用navicat验证

redis启动

[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin]#docker run -p 6379:6379 -d --name redis --restart=always redis:3.2 redis-server
192265143f4ec605cc38db2a750b1aa5186911c6fd2b7bb1e39b5444dd41631b
[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin]#docker exec -it redis bash
root@192265143f4e:/data# redis-cli 
127.0.0.1:6379> ping
PONG
127.0.0.1:6379>

后端启动

# 后端
docker run --name eladmin-api -d -p 8000:8000 -e DB_HOST=10.0.0.18 -e DB_USER=root -e DB_PWD=www.yuchaoit.cn -e REDIS_HOST=10.0.0.18 eladmin:v1

# 注意看日志
[root@es-node1 ~]#docker logs -f eladmin-api 
# 如下是正确
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:09 [main] INFO  org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.3.2) 'quartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
  Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
  NOT STARTED.
  Currently in standby mode.
  Number of jobs executed: 0
  Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
  Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.

elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:09 [main] INFO  org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory - Quartz scheduler 'quartzScheduler' initialized from an externally provided properties instance.
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:09 [main] INFO  org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory - Quartz scheduler version: 2.3.2
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:09 [main] INFO  org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - JobFactory set to: org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SpringBeanJobFactory@6b52dd31
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:10 [main] INFO  o.s.s.web.DefaultSecurityFilterChain - Will not secure any request
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:10 [main] INFO  me.zhengjie.config.RedisConfig - 初始化 -> [Redis CacheErrorHandler]
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:11 [main] INFO  o.a.coyote.http11.Http11NioProtocol - Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-nio-8000"]
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:11 [main] INFO  o.s.b.w.e.tomcat.TomcatWebServer - Tomcat started on port(s): 8000 (http) with context path ''
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:11 [main] INFO  o.s.s.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean - Starting Quartz Scheduler now
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:11 [main] INFO  org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler - Scheduler quartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:11 [main] INFO  me.zhengjie.AppRun - Started AppRun in 6.558 seconds (JVM running for 6.986)
elAdmin- 2023-03-04 13:14:11 [main] INFO  m.z.modules.quartz.config.JobRunner - Timing task injection complete

前端Vue构建

思路：

  • 前端构建需要node环境，构建结果通常为dist静态文件，项目运行仅需要web服务器即可。因此采用多阶构建
  • 确认基础镜像：docker search vue-node
  • 验证构建，最终采用codemantn/vue-node作为基础镜像

备注，修改npm源加速

npm config set sass_binary_site https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node-sass/
npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org
npm install
npm run build:prod
  • 运行环境采用nginx:alpine作为基础镜像，启动容器熟悉镜像的启动目录等信息
  • 把构建的dist静态文件夹拷贝到镜像的/usr/share/nginx/html/即可

因此，综合得到多阶构建的Dockerfile，最终得到运行的nginx，以及前端页面

FROM codemantn/vue-node AS builder

LABEL maintainer="yc_uuu@163.com"

# config npm
RUN npm config set sass_binary_site https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node-sass/ && \
    npm config set registry https://registry.npm.taobao.org

WORKDIR /opt/eladmin-web
COPY  . .

# build
RUN ls -l && npm install && npm run build:prod


FROM nginx:alpine

WORKDIR /usr/share/nginx/html

COPY --from=builder /opt/eladmin-web/dist /usr/share/nginx/html/

EXPOSE 80

前端配置文件

用户 > 前端 > 后端

该配置文件，就是指定后端运行的地址。

例如获取生成验证码的接口。http://10.0.0.18:8000/auth/code

[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin-web]#cat .env.production 
ENV = 'production'

# 如果使用 Nginx 代理后端接口，那么此处需要改为 '/'，文件查看 Docker 部署篇，Nginx 配置
# 接口地址，注意协议，如果你没有配置 ssl，需要将 https 改为 http
VUE_APP_BASE_API  = 'http://10.0.0.18:8000'
# 如果接口是 http 形式， wss 需要改为 ws
VUE_APP_WS_API = 'ws://10.0.0.18:8000'
[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin-web]#

构建

docker build . -t eladmin-web:v1 -f Dockerfile

启动前端

# 前端
docker run --name eladmin-web -d -p 80:80  eladmin-web:v1

检查java前后端的启动

[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin-web]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE            COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS          PORTS                                                  NAMES
2c147cad333f   eladmin-web:v1   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   15 minutes ago   Up 15 minutes   0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp, :::8080->80/tcp                  eladmin-web
74387a119bc0   eladmin:v1       "sh -c 'java -Dsprin…"   26 minutes ago   Up 26 minutes   0.0.0.0:8000->8000/tcp, :::8000->8000/tcp              eladmin-api
192265143f4e   redis:3.2        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   44 minutes ago   Up 44 minutes   0.0.0.0:6379->6379/tcp, :::6379->6379/tcp              redis
c23e52263a3f   mysql:5.7        "docker-entrypoint.s…"   48 minutes ago   Up 48 minutes   0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, :::3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql
[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/eladmin-web]#

测试访问

image-20230304221031308

验证码是前端正确连接后端后的结果，出不来就是部署有错。

登录后

image-20230304221204866

测试web功能

修改如用户信息

检验前端、后端、数据库的正确连通性。

image-20230305115601012

数据库检查

image-20230305115636065

Python应用容器化

https://gitee.com/yuco/python_demo.git 后端python源码

部署架构

  • python3 + django + uwsgi + nginx + mysql
  • 内部服务端口8002

思考镜像优化原则

等你彻底理解如下几个规则，就知道如何优化镜像了

  • 不必要的内容不要放在镜像中
  • 减少不必要的层文件，例如多条linux命令，合并一条RUN
  • 减少网络传输操作，尽可能少的，如curl，wget等
  • 可以适当的包含一些调试命令，如ps，ss等基础环境的加入，否则难以维护

但是是否优化，也看你对该语言是否需要优化，如减少编译过程，减少系统依赖安装过程

参考（制作一个基础镜像，如直接python3镜像，如bitnami/python 经过验证的）

django-alpine镜像

alpine-python

自己制作

基本Dockerfile

# This my first django Dockerfile
# Version 1.0

# Base images 基础镜像
FROM centos:centos7.5.1804

#MAINTAINER 维护者信息
LABEL maintainer="yc_uuu@163.com"

#ENV 设置环境变量
ENV LANG en_US.UTF-8
ENV LC_ALL en_US.UTF-8

#RUN 执行以下命令
RUN curl -so /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo && rpm -Uvh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
RUN yum install -y  python36 python3-devel gcc pcre-devel zlib-devel make net-tools nginx

#工作目录
WORKDIR /opt/myblog

#拷贝文件至工作目录
COPY . .

# 拷贝nginx配置文件
COPY myblog.conf /etc/nginx

#安装依赖的插件
RUN pip3 install -i http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/ --trusted-host mirrors.aliyun.com -r requirements.txt

RUN chmod +x run.sh && rm -rf ~/.cache/pip

#EXPOSE 映射端口
EXPOSE 8002

#容器启动时执行命令
CMD ["./run.sh"]

构建镜像

docker build . -t myblog:v1 -f Dockerfile

启动数据库

[root@es-node1 ~/devops-docker/python-demo]#docker exec -ti mysql bash                                                                                                                          
root@c23e52263a3f:/# mysql -uroot -pwww.yuchaoit.cn
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 20
Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create database myblog;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

启动django程序

docker run -d -p 8002:8002 --name myblog -e MYSQL_HOST=10.0.0.18 -e MYSQL_USER=root -e MYSQL_PASSWD=www.yuchaoit.cn myblog:v1 

# 数据库迁移
## migrate
$ docker exec -ti myblog bash
#/ python3 manage.py makemigrations
#/ python3 manage.py migrate
#/ python3 manage.py createsuperuser

# 超级用户yuchao yuchao123
[root@94ea247ad303 myblog]# python3 manage.py createsuperuser
用户名 (leave blank to use 'root'): yuchao
电子邮件地址: yc_uuu@163.com
Password: 
Password (again): 
Superuser created successfully.
[root@94ea247ad303 myblog]# 


## 收集静态文件
## $ docker exec -ti myblog python3 manage.py collectstatic

访问django文章页

image-20230304222729333

访问django后台

image-20230304222810615

Copyright © www.yuchaoit.cn 2025 all right reserved，powered by Gitbook作者：于超 2024-03-31 19:23:20

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